by bamounusa

THE BAMOUN DYNASTIE

Liste des rois

1er NCHARE YEN 1394 – 1418
2e NGOUOPOU 1418 – 1461
3e MONJOU 1461 – 1498
4e MENGAP 1498 – 1519
5e NGOUH I 1519 – 1544
6e FIFEN 1544 – 1568
7e NGOUH II 1568 – 1590
8e NGAPNA 1590 – 1629
9e NGOULOURE 1629 – 1672
10e KOUOTOU 1672 – 1757
11e MBUEMBUE 1757 – 1814
12e GBETKOM 1814 – 1817
13e MBIEKOUO 1817 – 1818
14e NGOUHOUO 1818 – 1863
15e NGOUNGOURE 1863 (30 minutes)
16e NSANGOU 1863 – 1889
17e NJOYA 1889 – 1933
18e NJIMOLUH NJOYA 1933 – 1992
19e MBOMBO NJOYA 1993-2021

20e Nfonrifoum Mbombo Njoya Mouhamed Nabil 2021-

ADMINISTRATION TRADITIONNELE ET ORGANISATION DE LA SOCIETE BAMOUN

A première vue, l’organisation de la société Bamoun donne l’impression d’être pyramidale et complexe. La multiplicité des lignes hiérarchiques entre le sommet de la pyramide et la base laisse penser à une inextricable toile, difficile à dérouler et à pénétrer. En réalité il n’en est rien.

Si l’effectivité du pouvoir est détenue par le Mfon ( roi ), il y a au-delà, un agencement de l’autorité hiérarchique en sous-ensembles concentriques de responsabilité qui fait que tout le monde participe à l’exercice du pouvoir.

Il s’agit donc d’un pouvoir communuel animé par différents acteurs (nobles ou notabilités ) qui représentent autant de centres de décision. Les fonctions de chacun sont précisées, ses relations avec les autres également. Cette répartition des rôles est nécessaire afin de maintenir la dynamique indispensable à l’équilibre sociale, avec comme point de focalisation, la primauté du Roi.

                                                                                                                             NJI MOULIOM Adamou

 

COMMENT NSHARE ORGANISA LA SUCCESSION ROYALE

 

Les incertitudes du présent font ressusciter l’histoire et en particulier l’histoire des homes qui nous ont précédés. L’histoire ne dit peut-être pas où nous allons, mais elle indique d’où nous sommes partis et le cheminement suivi. Elle donne à cet effet des repères et aide à mieux comprendre les hommes afin d’éviter toute confusions, les événements et à respecter les lois préétablies.

 

Nchare Yèn venu de Rifum en 1394 ordonne que la succession royale soit choisi dans sa famille. Seule la famille paternelle est digne de régner. ‘’l’héritier du roi quelques soient les circonstances ne doit jamais sortir ni de la famille des kom, ni des chefs vassaux, ni de la famille des kom shü shüt , de la famille des gens du roi, ni d’une famille étrangère’’. Cette organisation successorale était mise sur pied par Nchare parce qu’il craignait que l’un des descendants parvenu au pouvoir n’abandonnât les coutumes des Bamoun venues de Rifum pour prendre celle de sa famille maternelle. Cette famille pouvait se venger contre les Bamoun qui autrefois avaient vaincu leurs ascendants. Cette organisation n’a pas failli jusqu’au roi Mbiekouo. Après sa mort, NGOUHOUO profita des troubles qui sévissaient dans le royaume usurpa le trône. Or NGOUHOUO avait été grand serviteur du Roi MBOUEMBOUE.

Il n’était pas prince du sang ni apparenté à la famille royale.

C’était un véritable esclave.

NSANGOU, fils de NGOUNGOURE et neveu du roi MBOUEMBOUE se révolta, guerroya contre NGOUHOUO et hérita du trône des roi Bamoun.

Depuis cette tragédie, aucun roi n’a eu ni son frère, ni un esclave pour lui succéder.

                                                                                                                                               Issah VESSAH NJOYA

LES RESPONSABLES DU GOUVERNEMENT ROYAL BAMOUN

TITRES NOBILAIRES

TRADUCTION LITTERALE

ROLES OU FONCTIONS

NOMINATIONS

ET SUCCESSIONS

MFON

 

KOM

 

NAFOM

 

NJI NGBETGNI

 

POM MAFON

 

NJI FON FON

 

TITA NFON

 

TITA NGU

 

TUPANKA

 

KOM SHU MSHUT

 

MANSHUT

 

MFONTUE

 

SHUNSHUT

 

KPEN

Roi, Sultan

 

Ministre (co-fondateur)

 

Mère du roi ou reine mère

 

Nji adjoint

 

Frère ou sœur

 

Nji des rois

 

Père du roi

 

Père du pays

 

Tête de Panka

 

Compagnon gardien du palais

 

Grand du palais

 

Roi soumis

 

Gardien du palais

 

Esclave

Souverain bamoun

 

Conseillers intronisateurs

 

Equilibre du pouvoir

 

Vice-roi

 

Utérin du roi

 

Premier Ministre

 

              –

 

Chef de la justice

 

Chef de l’armée royale

 

Conseiller du roi

 

Personnalité du royaume

 

Chefs Vassaux

 

Divers services

 

Serviteur

Charge héréditaire

 

Nommé, puis héréditaire

 

Nommé

 

Héréditaire

 

Nommé

 

Nommé

 

Nommé

 

Nommé

 

Nommé

 

Héréditaire

 

Nommé

 

Héréditaire

 

Héréditaire

 

Héréditaire

Seidou Njimoluh Njoya

Nchare Yen[note , also referred to simply as Nchare, or by the English styling of the name as Nshare Yen, or just Nshare (c. 1370 - 1418), was the founder of the Kingdom of Bamum, and one of the four kings who are mainly worshiped in the traditional Bamum religion due to their achievements in the Bamum society and culture. Nchare Yen is the brother of Ngon Nso, the founder of the Kingdom of Nso. Nchare Yen was the son of an unknown Tikar chief, who he and his sister broke away from to establish their own kingdoms. According to the book Rock of God, which discusses Nso's history, In office 1394–1418 Preceded by Position established Succeeded by Ngouopou Nso and Bamoun had been constantly quibbling, and to many, this seemed to be mostly sibling rivalry than any unavoidable conflict. Since Nso was founded by the sister (Ngon Nso), the brother (Nchare-Yen, founder of Bamoum) always saw himself as the successor to the throne of Nso, according to the Tikar tradition that they both knew and respected. According to one of the former leaders of the Bamum, Seidou Njimoluh Njoya, in a 1977 interview, described Nchare Yen as being a "short man with a protuberant stomach", who was "dark in complexion, had short limbs, but was very courageous", and also "loved dancing and drinking palm wine [but was] said to have been very charitable."[1] Most of what is known about Nchare Yen has been passed down from both historical, religious, and cultural sources in Bamum society, and due to the obscurity of the subject matter, there is very little in the way of evidence to verify the claims given about the events of Nchare Yen's life. Notes edit Pronounced /nʃɑːʔrə jən/ The different spelling in the name revolves around the transcription of the sound /ʃ/, which is written in French as ⟨ch⟩ and in English as ⟨sh⟩ References edit Fomine, Forka Leypey Mathew (2012). A Concise Historical Survey of the Bamum Dynasty and the Influence of Islam in Foumban, Cameroon, 1390 – Present. Yaounde, Cameroon: Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa. p. 73. ISSN 1024-0969. Fomine, Forka Leypey Mathew (2012). A Concise Historical Survey of the Bamum Dynasty and the Influence of Islam in Foumban, Cameroon, 1390 – Present. Yaounde, Cameroon: Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa. p. 71. ISSN 1024-0969. Bannavti, JK (2010). Rock of God. Bamenda, Cameroon: Langaa Research & Publishing Common Initiative Group. pp. xi. Preceded by Position established Sultan of Fumban Mfon of the Bamun 1394-1418 Succeeded by Ngouopou

Ibrahim Njoya

Seidou Njimoluh Njoya (Bamum: 𖡚 ꛆꛦꚮ꛰ ꛆꚧꛂ Sɛt-tu Nʒemɔleʔ Nʒeɔya , 1902 – 28 July 1992) ruled the Bamum people of Cameroon from 1933 to 1992 as the Sultan of Foumban and Mfon of the Bamun. Njimoluh was the son of Ibrahim Njoya, and he was educated in French, English, and the bamum script developed by his father. In 1931, in order to break the power of the Bamun, French administrators had exiled Ibrahim Njoya to Yaoundé. The Bamum nobles had been scattered due to the French occupation, but they eventually chose Njimoluh from among Ibrahim Njoya's 177 children and reached an agreement with the French authorities. Seidou Njimoluh Njoya became the 18th mfon of the Bamum in June 1933 after the death of his father. Njoya later served on the legislative and national assemblies of Cameroon during both colonial and post-colonial periods. Njimoluh was a patron of the arts and worked to preserve Bamun culture. After the French left in 1960, he restored the sacred Bamun idols to the Royal Palace, establishing a museum. He was a devout Muslim and was married to Noh Lantana. Njimoluh was succeeded by his son Ibrahim Mbombo Njoya.

Ibrahim Mbombo Njoya

Seidou Njimoluh Njoya (Bamum: 𖡚 ꛆꛦꚮ꛰ ꛆꚧꛂ Sɛt-tu Nʒemɔleʔ Nʒeɔya , 1902 – 28 July 1992) ruled the Bamum people of Cameroon from 1933 to 1992 as the Sultan of Foumban and Mfon of the Bamun. Njimoluh was the son of Ibrahim Njoya, and he was educated in French, English, and the bamum script developed by his father. In 1931, in order to break the power of the Bamun, French administrators had exiled Ibrahim Njoya to Yaoundé. The Bamum nobles had been scattered due to the French occupation, but they eventually chose Njimoluh from among Ibrahim Njoya's 177 children and reached an agreement with the French authorities. Seidou Njimoluh Njoya became the 18th mfon of the Bamum in June 1933 after the death of his father. Njoya later served on the legislative and national assemblies of Cameroon during both colonial and post-colonial periods. Njimoluh was a patron of the arts and worked to preserve Bamun culture. After the French left in 1960, he restored the sacred Bamun idols to the Royal Palace, establishing a museum. He was a devout Muslim and was married to Noh Lantana. Njimoluh was succeeded by his son Ibrahim Mbombo Njoya.

Seidou Njimoluh Njoya

Seidou Njimoluh Njoya (Bamum: 𖡚 ꛆꛦꚮ꛰ ꛆꚧꛂ Sɛt-tu Nʒemɔleʔ Nʒeɔya , 1902 – 28 July 1992) ruled the Bamum people of Cameroon from 1933 to 1992 as the Sultan of Foumban and Mfon of the Bamun. Njimoluh was the son of Ibrahim Njoya, and he was educated in French, English, and the bamum script developed by his father. In 1931, in order to break the power of the Bamun, French administrators had exiled Ibrahim Njoya to Yaoundé. The Bamum nobles had been scattered due to the French occupation, but they eventually chose Njimoluh from among Ibrahim Njoya's 177 children and reached an agreement with the French authorities. Seidou Njimoluh Njoya became the 18th mfon of the Bamum in June 1933 after the death of his father. Njoya later served on the legislative and national assemblies of Cameroon during both colonial and post-colonial periods. Njimoluh was a patron of the arts and worked to preserve Bamun culture. After the French left in 1960, he restored the sacred Bamun idols to the Royal Palace, establishing a museum. He was a devout Muslim and was married to Noh Lantana. Njimoluh was succeeded by his son Ibrahim Mbombo Njoya.

THE BAMOUN DYNASTIE